Watch the hot and Sizzling Nathalia Kaur in Dan Dan Cheeni video song from the movie Department starring Amitabh Bachchan, Sanjay Dutt, Rana Daggubati & others.
Song: Dan Dan Cheeni
Movie: Department
Singer: paroma, Ravi, sandeep patil
Music Director: Dharam Sandeep
Opportunity Cost And Production Possibilities
The production possibilities analysis, which is the alternative combinations of two goods that an economy can produce with given resources and technology, can be used to illustrate opportunity cost– the highest valued alternative foregone in the pursuit of an activity. The PPF showed in the video lecture slide shows the principle of increasing opportunity cost.
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PPF And Its Relationship With Macroeconomics
In the graph of PPF, Points within the PPF are inefficient and it is the rare possibility in the real world. Inefficient means that it may not be using its available resources.
May be some workers are unemployed creating the macro economic problem of unemployment or may be capital is not using properly. Points outside the PPF are unattainable since the PPF defines the maximum output produced at the given time period so there is no possibility to produce output outside the PPF. Here in PPF, we are not concerned with the combinations of goods which is a micro economic issue rather we are concerned with the overall output produced which is a macroeconomic issue. Economic growth is an increase in the total output of a country over time. It is the long-run expansion of the economy’s ability to produce output. When GDP of a country is increasing it means that country is growing economically. Economic growth is made possible by increasing the quantity or quality of the economy’s resources (labor, capital, land, and entrepreneurship). virtual university
Production possibility frontier (PPF) is the curve which joins all the points showing the maximum amount of goods and services which the country can produce in a given time with limited resources, given a specific state of technology. A production possibilities frontier represents the boundary or frontier of the economy’s production capabilities. That’s why it’s termed a production possibilities frontier (or PPF). As a frontier, it is the maximum production possible given existing (fixed) resources and technology. Table: Choice & Opportunity cost revisited: The law of increasing opportunity cost.
| Rice | Cotton | Opportunity Cost | |
|
A |
0 |
10 |
|
|
B |
1 |
9 |
1 |
|
C |
2 |
7 |
2 |
|
D |
3 |
4 |
3 |
|
E |
4 |
0 |
4 |
This table represents the alternative combinations of rice and cotton for a hypothetical economy which is producing only 2 goods. At point A only cotton is produced, rice is not produced. In order to produce one unit of rice, we have to give up one unit of cotton (10-9=1). So the opportunity cost is 1 at point B. further in order to produce next unit of rice, we have to give up 2 units of cotton (9-7=2). So the opportunity cost of next additional unit is 2 and so on. This table shows that opportunity cost is increasing with each additional unit. It means we have to give up higher and higher units of cotton in order to produce each additional unit of rice. This is the principle of increasing opportunity cost. If opportunity cost decreases with each additional unit produced, then it is the principle of decreasing opportunity cost. And if opportunity cost remains constant with each extra unit produced, it is the principle of constant opportunity cost. The law of increasing opportunity cost is what gives the curve its distinctive convex shape. Points on the PPF show the efficient utilization of resources. Points inside the PPF show inefficient use of resources.
Points outside the PPF show that some of the resources are unemployed or not utilized. PPF curve shifts upward due to technological advancements. If there is improvement in technology to produce the output, then total output will increase and PPF will shift outward.
Source: virtual university
On popular demand, here is the remix version of Naina Re song from Dangerous Ishhq. The movie has Karishma Kapoor, Rajneesh Duggal, Jimmy Shergill and others. This song is sung by Himesh Reshammiya, Shreya Ghoshal, Rahat Fateh Ali Khan, while it is remixed by Kiran Kamath.
Marginal Cost And Marginal Benefit Definitions
Marginal cost is the increment to total costs of producing an additional unit of some good or service.
There are other broader definitions as well.
Marginal benefit is the increment to total benefit derived from consuming an additional unit of good or service. There are other broader definitions as well. virtual university
Mujhey Bata By Dani Mirza Music Video.
Written/Composed/Sung By: *Dani Mirza*
Female Vocals: *Mew Chan*
Graphics By : DM Graphics
Music : Dj Ali Mustafa Studio: Digital INN!
Lyrics
sirf saans lena hi jeena ni !
meri sans bani hai sza meri !
warna jeena mein hai kya yahan abhii!!
bs marney mein hai sukoon yahinin!!
Chorus
sirf saans lena hi jeena ni !
meri sans bani hai sza meri !
warna jeena mein hai kya yahan abhii!!
bs marney mein hai sukoon yahinin!!
tu hai kahan !
tu gyi kahan !
khoGyiii hai meri !!
zindagi !!!
hai khushi kahan !
meri hansi kahan !
sirf ankhein hain !!
ghum bhari !!
kya ansu hi hain !!
meriiii zindagi ka naam!!!
mujhee btaaaaaaaaaaaaaa !!!
ae khuda !!
kyun tarapti hun mein
har roz subh u shaam !!
Mujhee btaaaaaaaaaaa !!
ae khuda !!
Chorus
mujhe bheek mein hi !
kuch pal tu de de
jinmein hu thoRi !!
si khushi !!
tujhse kya mangun! !!
chand pal hi sukoon
ata tu karrrr!!!haaan !!
kyun koi bhi nahin !!
mere apney mere saath !!
Mujheeeee bataaaaaaaaaa !!
ae khuda !!
kyun dhoka o fareb !!
mere chaaron tarafffff !!
mujhe btaaaaaaaaa !!
ae khudaa !!!
kyun larne ki bhi !!
taqat ni mere paas !!
Mujhe btaaaaaaaa !!
ae khuda !!!
kyun mooot bhi mujhse!!
roothi hui hai yahan!!
mujhe btaaaaaaaaaa !!
ae khuda !!
aesi dunya mein mujhe
rehna nahin
jahan koi bhi dil se sacha nahin
chaha jisko bhi wo
mila nahin
phir jee ke kya kar na abhi ….
How Producers Decide About Optimal Choice
Assume that a firm which is thinking to open a new production line of car manufacturing. Rational decision involves the cost and benefit of that car’s production. Costs will be additional labor employed, additional raw material and additional parts & components that have to be bought. Benefits will be additional revenue that the firm will get by selling the additional number of cars. It will be profitable to invest if revenue is greater than the cos
